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4th Semester LLB Syllabus: Professional Ethics and the Professional Accounting System

COURSE IV: CLINICAL COURSE-I

Objective:

Professions are noble. The movement of all professions, hitherto, has been from chaos to organization, organization to consolidation, and consolidation to autonomy and monopoly. The same is true of the law profession also. The prime reason for conferring autonomy and monopoly by the society on the professionals is the fact that they are a body of learned persons and the interest of society and individuals is safe in their hands.

The Bar should set enviable standards of ethics and scrupulously adhere to them as also enforce them. It is too good for society to trust the learned body of professionals to regulate themselves and not to empower an outsider to sit in judgment over their activities. The trust reposed by the society in profession is to be zealously guarded. The Bar should live up to the expectations of the society.

The society has a right to expect of the professional to such ideal behavior. The course is designed to imbue students with these high values forming the basis of the profession so that they can live up to those standards in their professional lives.

UNIT – I: The legal profession and its responsibilities

The legal profession and its responsibilities; The equipment of the lawyer; Conduct in Court; Professional conduct in general; Privileges of a lawyer; Salient features of the Advocates Act, 1961.

UNIT – II: Duty to the Court

Duty to the Court; Duty to the profession; Duty to the opponent; Duty to the client; Duty to the self; Duty to the public and the State.

UNIT – III: Contempt of Court Act, 1972.

Selected major judgments of the Supreme Court:

  1. In the matter of D, An Advocate, AIR 1956 SC 102.
  2. P.J.Ratnani v. D.Kanikaram, AIR1964 SC 244.
  3. N.B.Mirzan v. The disciplinary committee of Bar Council of Maharastra and Another, AIR 1972 SC 46.
  4. Bar Cotioci/ OfMaharastra v. M.V.Dabholkar, etc., AIR 1976 SC 242.
  5. V.C.Ranga‹lurai v. D.Goplan and others, AIR 1979 SC 201.
  6. Chandra ShekharSoni v. Bar Council of Rajasthan and Others, AIR 1983 SC 1012.
  7. In Re an Advocate, AIR 1989 SC 245.
  8. In Re Vinay Chandra Mishra, 1995 (Vol-I) IBR 118.
  9. Supreme Court Bar Association v. Union of India, AIR 1998 SC 1895.
  10. Ex-Capt. Harish Uppal v. Union of India, AIR 2003 SC 739.

UNIT – IV

Selected opinions of the Bar Council of India

1.DC Appeal No. l 6/931998(Vol.1)IBR 135
2.BCI Tr. Case No.40/911998(Vol.1)IBR139
3.DC Appeal No. 8/941998(Vol. l)IBR 153
4.DC Appeal No. 20/941997(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 193
5BCI Tr. Case No. 76/951997(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 201
6DC Appeal No.43/961997(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 207
7DC Appeal No.18/911997(Vol. 1 & 2)IBR 271
8DC Appeal No.24/901996(Vol.1)IBR 135
9DC Appeal No.19/931996(Vol.1)IBR 152
10BCI Tr. Case No.104/901996(Vol.1)IBR 155
1 lBCI Tr. Case No.52/891994(Vol.1)IBR 187
12BCI Tr. Case No.127/881992(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 125
13BCI Tr. Case No.39/871992(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 147
14BCI Tr. Case No.39/891992(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 149
15BCI Tr. Case No.16/881989(Vol.1)IBR 99
16BCI Tr. Case No.2/881989(Vol.1)IBR 102
17BCI Tr. Case No.52/881989(Vol.2)IBR 110
18DC Appeal No.41/871989(Vol.2)IBR 122
19BCI Tr. Case No.29/811989(Vol.2)IBR 245
20DC Appeal No.14/881989(Vol.2)IBR 258
21BCI Tr. Case No.14/801989(Vol.2)IBR 264
22DC Appeal No.24/871989(Vol.2)IBR 273
23DC Appeal No.46/861989(Vol.2)IBR 280
24DC Appeal No.3/881989(Vol.2)IBR 285
25BCI Tr. Case No.2/801989(Vol.2)IBR 289
26BCI Tr. Case No. 10/861989(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 520
27BCI Tr. Case No.101/881989(Vol. 3&4)IBR 524
28DC Appeal No.23/881989(Vol. 3&4)IBR 532
29DC Appeal No.35/871989(Vol. 3&4)IBR 536
30BCI Tr. Case No.27/881989(Vol. 3&4)IBR 542
31BCI Tr. Case No.6/841989(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 560
32BCI Tr. Case No.24/861989(Vol. 3&4)IBR 563
33DC Appeal No.10/881989(Vol. 3&4)IBR 572
34DC Appeal No.45/741988(Vol. 1 &2) IBR 182
35DC Appeal No.23/871989(Vol. 1 & 2)IBR 187
36DC Appeal No.6/811988(Vol. 1 & 2)IBR 193
37BCI Tr. Case No.16/861988(Vol. 1 & 2)IBR 197
38DC Appeal No.41/861988Vol.1 & 2)IBR 200
39DC Appeal No.33/861988(Vol. 3 &4)IBR 354
40DC Appeal No.21/851988(Vol. 3&4) IBR 359
41BCI Tr. Case No.43/821988(Vol. 3&4)IBR 364
42DC Appeal No.28/861988(Vol.3 & 4)IBR 374
43DC Appeal No.64/741987(Vol.2)IBR 314
44DC Appeal No.30/841987(Vol.2)IBR 319
45DC Appeal No.40/861987(Vol.3)IBR 488
46DC Appeal No.10/86 & 10A/861987(Vol.3)IBR 491
47DC Appeal No.7/861987(Vol.3)IBR 496
48DC Appeal No.7/811987(Vol.4)IBR 735
49DC Appeal No.12/861987(Vol.4)IBR 745
50BCI Tr. Case No.57/871987(Vol.4)IBR 753

UNIT – V

Accountancy for lawyers:

Need for maintenance of accounts- Books of accounts that need to be maintained- Cash Book, journal and ledger

Elementary aspects of bookkeeping: Meaning, object, journal, double entry system, closing of accounts

The cash and bulk transaction- The Cash book- Journal proper especially concerning client’s accounts- Ledger, Trial balance, and final accounts- Commercial mathematics.

  1. Mode of assessment: The scheme of evaluation for Clinical Course-I: Professional Ethics and Professional Accounting System shall be as under:
  • There shall be a viva for 20 marks at the end of the semester. Viva shall be conducted by the course teacher and the principal or a senior faculty member designated by the principal.
  • Two Written Tests shall be conducted for 40 marks each.
  • The questions in the test papers should be spread over the whole syllabus.
  • I test shall be at the end of 9 weeks of the semester and the II test shall be by the end of the semester.

Prescribed Books

  • Iyer, K.V., Krishnaswamy, Professional Conduct and Advocacy (Oxford University Press 1945)
  • B.S.Raman, Financial Accounting, “Elements of Accountancy”, (Mangalore: United Publishers, 1998)

Reference Books

  • Menon, N.R. Madhava, Clinical Legal Education, (Eastern Book Co., 2008)
  • Dr. B. Malik, Art of Lawyer, (New Delhi: Universal Book Agency, 1999)
  • Contempt of Court Act, 1971

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